...
The
...
...
...
provides
...
design
...
templates
...
for
...
conventional
...
deck-section
...
types,
...
including
...
flat
...
slab,
...
concrete
...
box
...
girder,
...
and
...
steel
...
girder
...
with
...
a
...
cast-in-place
...
deck.
...
Modeling
...
decks
...
not
...
available
...
through
...
the
...
bridge
...
modeler
...
must
...
be
...
done
...
with
...
direct
...
methods.
...
The
...
advanced
...
modeling
...
features
...
available
...
for
...
direct
...
bridge-deck
...
modeling
...
include
...
the
...
following:
...
Spine
...
model
...
- Use
...
- the
...
...
...
- to
...
- develop
...
- the
...
- bridge
...
- cross
...
- section.
...
- Model
...
- the
...
- bridge
...
- superstructure
...
- using
...
- frame
...
- elements
...
- to
...
- extend
...
- the
...
- cross
...
- section.
...
- For
...
- complex
...
- bridge
...
- profiles,
...
...
- allows
...
- users
...
- to
...
- create
...
- bridge
...
- geometry
...
- using
...
- dummy
...
- bridge
...
- deck
...
- sections,
...
- then
...
- replace
...
- the
...
- dummy
...
- sections
...
- with
...
- a
...
- section
...
- from
...
- the
...
- section
...
- designer.
...
Area
...
model
...
- Use
...
- frame
...
- elements
...
- to
...
- develop
...
- the
...
- bridge-deck
...
- cross
...
- section.
...
- Create
...
- area
...
- elements
...
- by
...
- extruding
...
- frame
...
- elements
...
- along
...
- bridge
...
- layout
...
- lines
...
- with
...
- the
...
- Edit
...
- >
...
- Extrude
...
- >
...
- Extrude
...
- Lines
...
- to
...
- Areas
...
- option.
...
- Users
...
- may
...
- specify
...
- an
...
- advanced
...
- extrusion
...
- path
...
- using
...
- custom
...
- coordinates
...
- or
...
- a
...
- predefined
...
...
- .
Solid model
- Use shell elements to develop the bridge deck cross section.
- Extend the shell elements into solid elements by extruding the cross section along bridge layout lines using the Edit > Extrude > Extrude Areas to Solids option.
Obtaining bridge superstructure forces and stresses
When a bridge is modeled directly, bridge object force and stress diagrams are no longer created automatically. In this case, users should define multiple section cuts along the bridge superstructure to obtain bridge force and stress diagrams. This is known as post-processing section-cut results.