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• Extreme conditions. When instability is severe, nonlinear static analysis should be converted to direct-integration time-history analysis.

Difference between Linear and Nonlinear

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buckling

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• Linear (Eigenvalue) analysis. During Linear buckling analysis, perturbations are applied to the undeformed structural configuration. A specified set of loads are observed for which deflections could induce instability under P-Delta effect. Linear buckling analysis produces a set of buckling factors and corresponding mode shapes. When loading is multiplied by these buckling factors, the resultant scaled loading conditions represent those which induce buckling. Similarly, the mode shapes are normalized displacement sets which indicate the configuration of the buckled structure.

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